What Are The Four Stages of Mesothelioma Cancer?

By David Arnold Livingston  |   Submitted On September 06, 2005

  

One rare form of cancer is called Mesothelioma, a malignant tumor in the mesothelial tissues of the lungs and the abdomen, arising from the inhalation of asbestos. Its rarity is one of the reasons why a lot of people are not aware of this kind of fatal disease. In fact, many people die of Mesothelioma undiagnosed. Although there is now a growing awareness of the hazards of asbestos to health, still many have not heard of Mesothelioma and thus, have not understood its nature, cause, signs and treatment. Even some physicians find it hard to detect Mesothelioma because its symptoms are akin to other diseases like lung cancer and pneumonia. Furthermore, it takes decades for a patient who was exposed to asbestos to develop Mesothelioma -- fifty years, at most.

Being unaware of Mesothelioma poses higher risks since it deters diagnosis and treatment. A person undergoing treatment must know the different stages of the cancer or the extent of the disease. Chances of recovering from Mesothelioma and the kind of treatment depend on the stage of the illness. There are basically two staging systems used for Pleural Mesothelioma (lungs): TNM system and Brighan system. These staging systems are also used in other kinds of cancers; however, the first is commonly used. There is no established method in determining the stage of the Peritoneal Mesothelioma cancer (abdominal) so the TNM system is used.

There are three variables in the TNM system: tumor, lymph nodes and metastasis. In the earliest stage of Mesothelioma, stage I, the malignant Mesothelioma cells start to grow and multiply only one layer of the pleura. The pleura is the membrane that encloses the lungs and lines the wall of the chest cavity. However, there are some instances wherein the pericardium (membrane that covers the heart) and diaphragm cover are already affected. In this case, the cancer patient is still in stage I Mesothelioma.

In the second stage, the two layers of the pleura are already affected by Mesothelioma. Take note, however, that in this stage, only one side of the body is affected. Normally, the pleura produces only small amount of lubricating fluid that allows easy expanding and contracting of the lungs. The excess fluid is absorbed by the blood and the lymph vessels so there's a balance between the amount of fluid produced and removed. During the second stage Mesothelioma, fluid starts to build up between the membrane of the lungs and the membrane of the chest wall, resulting to pleural effusion. The increase in the volume of fluid produced causes shortness of breath and chest pain. Other Mesothelioma cancer patients experience dry and persistent cough. Diagnosis of the pleural effusion is achieved through a chest x-ray.

Stage III Mesothelioma means that the malignant cells have already spread to the chest wall, esophagus and the lymph nodes on one part of the chest. The patient may suffer severe pain near the parts affected. When not treated immediately or when the Mesothelioma patient doesn't respond well to medication, the cancer may advance to the fourth stage. The fourth stage Mesothelioma is formidable since at this stage the Mesothelioma cells have penetrated into the bloodstream and other organs in the body like the liver, the bones and the brain. The lymph nodes on the other side of the chest may also be affected by Mesothelioma in stage IV.

Brighan staging system, on the other hand, determines whether the Mesothelioma can be surgically removed or not and whether the lymph nodes are affected or not. In stage I Mesothelioma, the lymph nodes are not yet affected and the patient can still recover through surgery. In stage II, surgery can still be executed but some lymph nodes have already been infiltrated by the cancer cells. In stage III, the heart and chest wall are already affected; thus, surgery is no longer advisable. The lymph nodes in this stage, however, may or may not be affected. In the final stage, stage IV Mesothelioma, cancer cells have already gone to the bloodstream and other parts of the body like the heart, brain, bone and liver. In most cases, a patient who has reached stage IV Mesothelioma only has four to twenty-four months to live.

David Arnold Livingston is a believer in gaining knowledge around Health issues and recommends, as a resource: [http://www.newmesothelioma.com/Mesothelioma]

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/expert/David_Arnold_Livingston/14737

Malignant Mesothelioma, Asbestos, and Your Rights

By Michael Sieben  |   Submitted On November 21, 2012

  

Have you been diagnosed with Malignant Mesothelioma? Are you or your doctor concerned you might be at risk for it? If you've been exposed to asbestos as part of your employment, you may have certain rights under the law which you and your family should take into account. Still, it is ALWAYS easier to a handle situation when you have the facts in front of you.

Let's start by covering the basics. Malignant Mesothelioma; what is it, and just as important, how did you get it? What are the stages and symptoms? How do you treat it? And, if you are diagnosed with it, how do you protect yourself and your family from the financial burden this life altering illness can cause?

What is it?

Malignant Mesothelioma (referred to as mesothelioma in this article) is a form of cancer. It typically affects the lining of the lungs and the abdominal cavity. There are four common types of mesothelioma. Pleural Mesothelioma is the most common type of mesothelioma and is generally a tumor that develops in the chest cavity and areas which surround the lungs. Peritoneal Mesothelioma is the second most common type of this illness and it refers to tumors which develop in the lining of the abdominal area. Pericardial Mesothelioma is a rare type of this disease and generally presents as a tumor which affects the tissues and membrane which surround the heart. The rarest type is Testicular Mesothelioma which affects the lining of the tissues that surround the testicles.

How do you get it?

Mesothelioma is caused by exposure to asbestos or asbestos containing particles. Most of us, at some point in our life, may have been exposed to asbestos at home or at work. Asbestos was widely used in many construction projects and household products for several decades. Anyone working in a factory that produced asbestos products or asbestos containing materials or a construction company using these materials or renovates buildings where these materials may have been used is at greater risk for further exposure.

However, just because you've been exposed to asbestos does not mean you will get mesothelioma. It is most commonly found in individuals who have had frequent exposure to asbestos over a long period of time.

What are the Stages and Symptoms?

There are four stages of Mesothelioma, and symptoms vary by stage and type. It can take up to 30 years before any symptoms appear, and can be hard to detect in the early stages.

Typically early symptoms include feeling tired and/or having a persistent cough or shortness of breath. You may think you have a common cold or flu virus, or are just feeling "off." While this may be true in many cases, check with your doctor if you have concerns about your symptoms, particularly if they last longer than usual.

In later stages, symptoms are usually more severe and easier to diagnose. Typically they include increased chest pain and shortness of breath, weight loss and decreased appetite.

What are the Treatment Options?

There are a number of treatment options available to individuals who have mesothelioma. They usually include chemotherapy and surgery, and medical researchers are continuing to explore alternate methods of treatment. When the condition is suspected, your doctor will utilize a process called "mesothelioma staging." This will allow your physician to determine if the cancer has spread to various internal organs or the lymph nodes. Two terms which you may hear are localized malignant mesothelioma and advanced malignant mesothelioma. Localized malignant mesothelioma is cancer which has not spread beyond the initial tumor, while advanced malignant mesothelioma is the stage in which the cancer is spreading.

Your doctor will carefully create a treatment plan just for you, based upon the stage that you are in, the location of the cancer, gender, age, and any other relevant health factors. Be sure to seek a second opinion if possible.

How do I Protect Myself and My Family?

While wading through all of the medical information you may not have thought about your rights under the law. If a diagnosis of Malignant Mesothelioma has been given, NOW is the time to make sure you and your family are protected. While many laws have been passed regulating the use of asbestos since it was linked to cancer, there are cases where employers have cut corners, exposing their employees to this harmful material. While most of us don't enjoy the idea of taking our boss to court, a lawsuit might be justified in this case. This is a serious and, quite frankly, expensive disease. If a third party has had a hand in your contracting of it, then it is important to make sure your rights have not been violated - check with a legal firm who specializes in representing individuals who have been diagnosed with mesothelioma.

In your search for a lawyer, you'll want to look carefully at your options. You'll want to find an attorney who specializes in this kind of personal injury, and in particular someone experienced in representing "plaintiffs" (the injured party). You'll want to talk to a few different attorneys, and do research on line. Ask them about their track record, how many cases have they fought, how many wins and how many losses have they had. In particular, work to find a lawyer who has had experience in dealing with cases related to asbestos exposure.

The Minnesota personal injury lawyers and attorneys of Sieben Polk in Minneapolis MN have successfully represented over 50,000 personal injury cases and are the only mesothelioma law firm in Minnesota litigating on behalf of mesothelioma victims.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/expert/Michael_Sieben/1132415

The Staging Methods For Mesothelioma

By Joseph Devine  |   Submitted On November 23, 2009

  

Mesothelioma is a cancer with a high fatality rate. It attacks the different linings of the body, which can include the membrane of the heart, abdomen, lungs, and even testicles. This deadly disorder is most often caused by exposure to asbestos, but mesothelioma may take decades to appear after your exposure.

As with any type of cancer, doctors must do many tests after your initial diagnosis to determine the stage of your cancer. Figuring out the progression of your disease is important so that doctors know exactly how aggressively they should treat your disorder.

With mesothelioma, there are three different ways to determine the stage of the cancer. These are the TNM, Brigham, and Butchart staging systems. These three methods look at different aspects of cancer to predict the spread of the disease.

TNM. This is the primary staging system for cancer, developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer, or AJCC. The T stands for tumor, and it refers to the size and spread of the tumor. N is for the spread to lymph nodes. Lastly, M is for malignancy. Malignant tumors are ones that can spread from the bloodstream to organs much further away in the body. Malignant tumors are the deadly tumors, whereas benign tumors cannot spread and are not typically considered fatal.

Brigham. This is actually the newest staging system for malignant mesothelioma. It was developed in Boston, Massachusetts, at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Brigham and Women's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Program. It is similar to the TNM method in that it considers the spread of cancer to the lymph nodes. The Brigham system's main goal is to determine whether the mesothelioma can be treated, or if the tumors can be removed by surgery.

Butchart. The Butchart system of staging is the oldest method to gauge the spread of mesothelioma-specific cancer. It was developed by cardiothoracic surgeon Eric Butchart in the 1970s, and it looks mainly at the size and spread of the primary tumor mass. It is a very helpful methodology that is still used today due to its simplicity.

After doctors have determined what stage of mesothelioma you have, you will have to discuss your treatment options. This may include surgery to remove the tumors, radiation to kill the cancerous cells, or chemotherapy. If you do not want to have a traditional treatment, you can turn to clinical trials and alternative methods like acupuncture or massage.

Mesothelioma can be a devastating disease. If you or someone you know has suffered from this terrible disorder as a result of illegal asbestos exposure, you should speak to a lawyer about possible financial compensation.

For more information, talk to a mesothelioma attorney at the firm of Williams Kherkher today.

Joseph Devine

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/expert/Joseph_Devine/136388